On Non-Humanoid Expressive Robots

In the field of character animation, this principle is classically associated with “The Dot and the Line” [Jones, 1965], in which complex narrative and character development are implemented using two very simple characters, a dot and a line (Figure 10-1). All expression is performed in motion, timing and staging alone. While technically impressive, this film is also often quoted for distilling the core principles of expressive cartoon “acting” without other visual aids.